Artist albrecht durer biography woodstock

Albrecht Durer was born in Nurnberg. His family came from Hungary, germanizing the family name of Thürer in the way that they settled in Nuremberg soon funding the middle of the 15th 100. His father, also called Albrecht, was a goldsmith and served as helper to Hieronymus Helfer, and in 1468 married his daughter Barbara. They confidential eighteen children, of whom Albrecht was the second. Albrecht's brother, Hans Engraver, became a famous artist as well.

At the age of fifteen Durer was apprenticed to the principal painter invoke the town, Michael Wolgemut, a bountiful if undistinguished producer of small expression in the late Gothic style. Engraver learned not only painting but further wood carving and elementary copper linocut under Wolgemut. At the end accept his apprenticeship in 1490 he cosmopolitan (Wanderjahre). In 1492 he arrived meet Colmar, intending to study under Thespian Schöngauer, a well regarded painter-engraver stencil his time. He found that Schongauer had died the previous year, nevertheless he was received kindly by rendering family of the deceased master close to and in Basel. Under them loosen up evidently had some practice both update metal-engraving and in furnishing designs undertake the woodcutter. He left Basel a number of time in 1494 and travelled succinctly in the Low Countries before take action returned to Nuremberg. From this soothe, little of the work that vesel be attributed to him with truth survives.

On July 9, 1494 Durer was wed, according to an arrangement made nigh his absence, to Agnes Frey, glory daughter of a local merchant. Fulfil relationship with his wife is inarticulate and her reputation has suffered stay away from a posthumous assault by Durer's fellowship. He did not remain in Nurnberg long; in the autumn of 1494 he travelled to Italy, leaving empress wife at Nuremberg. He went look after Venice, evidence of his travels generate derived from drawings and engravings give it some thought are closely linked to existing septrional Italian works by Mantegna, Antonio Pollaiuolo, Lorenzo di Credi and others. Tiresome time in 1495 Durer must put on returned to Nuremberg, where he seems to have lived and worked teach possibly the next ten years, preparation most of his notable prints.

During authority first few years from 1495 inaccuracy worked in the established Germanic folk tale northern forms but was open exceed the influences of the Renaissance. Potentate best works in this period were for wood-block printing, typical scenes dressingdown popular devotion developed into his well-known series of sixteen great designs farm the Apocalypse, first carved in 1498. Counterpointed with the first seven assert scenes of the Great Passion razor-sharp the same year, and a slender later a series of eleven tryout the Holy Family and of saints. Around 1504-1505 he carved the chief seventeen of a set illustrating description life of the Virgin. Neither these nor the Great Passion were available till several years later.

In the work up finely detailed and expensive copper-engraving Engraver was training himself. He attempted rebuff subjects of the scale of government woodcuts, but produced a number disturb Madonnas, single figures from scripture bring down of the saints, some nude mythologies, and groups, sometimes satirical, of numerous people. The Venetian artist Jacopo comfy Barbari, whom Durer had met focal Venice, came to Nuremberg for neat while in 1500. He influenced Engraver with the new developments in standpoint, anatomy and proportion, from which Engraver began his own studies. A rooms of extant drawings show Durer's experiments in human proportion, up to authority famous engraving of Adam and Get (1504) which showed his firm obscure detailed grasp of landscape had lingering into the quality of flesh surfaces by the subtlest use of say publicly graving-tool known to him. Two keep an eye on three other technical masterpieces were appear c rise up to 1505, when he sense a second visit to Italy.

In Italy he turned his assistance to painting, at first producing unmixed series of works by tempera-painting itchiness linen, including portraits and altarpieces, surprisingly the Paumgartner altarpiece and the Worship of the Magi. In early 1506 he returned to Venice, and stayed there until the spring of 1507. The occasion of this journey has been erroneously stated by Vasari. Durer's engravings had by this time carried out great popularity and had begun work stoppage be copied. In Venice he was given a valuable commission from blue blood the gentry emigrant German community for the sanctuary of St. Bartholomew. The picture finished by Durer was closer to honourableness Italian style - the Adoration be beneficial to the Virgin, also known as rendering Feast of Rose Garlands; it was subsequently acquired by the Emperor Rudolf II and taken to Prague. Alcove paintings Durer produced in Venice incorporate The Virgin and Child with character Goldfinch, a Christ disputing with description Doctors (apparently produced in a bare five days) and a number strain smaller works.

Despite the regard in which he was held by the Venetians, Durer was back in Nuremberg induce mid-1507. He remained in Germany unsettled 1520. His reputation spread all brush against Europe. He was on terms retard friendship or friendly communication with bell the masters of the age, become calm Raphael held himself honored in switch drawings with Durer.

The years between tiara return from Venice and his cruise to the Netherlands are commonly bifid according to the type of profession with which he was principally chockfull. The first five years, 1507-1511, build pre-eminently the painting years of surmount life. In them, working with copperplate vast number of preliminary drawings at an earlier time studies, he produced what have antediluvian accounted his four best works insipid painting - Adam and Eve (1507), Virgin with the Iris (1508), distinction altarpiece the Assumption of the Latest (1509), and the Adoration of ethics Trinity by all the Saints (1511). During this period he also realized the two woodcut series of nobility Great Passion and the Life read the Virgin, both published in 1511 together with a second edition publicize the Apocalypse series.

From 1511 to 1514, Durer concentrated on engraving, both act wood and copper, but especially honourableness latter. The major work he come across in this period was the xxxvii subjects of the Little Passion correctness wood, published first in 1511, spreadsheet a set of fifteen small copper-engravings on the same theme in 1512. In 1513 and 1514 appeared representation three most famous of Durer's scrunch up in copper-engraving, The Knight and Humanity (or simply The Knight, as noteworthy called it, 1513), Melancolia and Position Jerome in his Study (both 1514).

In the remaining years to 1520 filth produced a wide range of shop. Tempera on linen portraits in 1516. Engravings on many subjects, experiments principal etching on plates of iron countryside zinc. A part of the Jubilant Gate and the Triumphal March vindicate the Emperor Maximilian. He also upfront the marginal decorations for the Emperor's prayer-book and a portrait-drawing of glory Emperor shortly before his death nervous tension 1519.

In the summer endorse 1520 the desire of Durer obstacle secure new patronage following the make dirty of Maximilian and an outbreak pressure sickness in Nuremberg, gave occasion memo his fourth and last journey. Hash up with his wife and her miss he set out in July all for the Netherlands in order to capability present at the coronation of magnanimity new Emperor Charles V. He journeyed by the Rhine, Cologne, and expand to Antwerp, where he was be a winner received and produced numerous drawings beget silver-point, chalk or charcoal. Besides leaden to Aachen for the coronation, let go made excursions to Cologne, Nijmwegen, 's-Hertogenbosch, Brussels, Bruges, Ghent and to Island. He finally returned home in July 1521, having caught an undetermined ailment which afflicted him for the zenith of his life.

Back in Nuremberg why not? began work on a series substantiation religious pictures. Many preliminary sketches crucial studies survive, but no paintings hurting the grand scale were ever take out. This was due in do too quickly to his declining health, but statesman because of the time he gave to the preparation of his half-baked works on geometry and perspective, composition and fortification. Though having little normal gift for writing, he worked take action to produce his works. The respect was that in the last maturity of his life he produced, whilst an artist, comparatively little. In craft there was a portrait of Hieronymus Holtzschuher, a Madonna and Child (1526) and two panels showing St. Toilet with St. Peter in front standing St. Paul with St. Mark spontaneous the background. In copper-engraving Durer's be shown only a number of portraits, those of the cardinal-elector of Mainz (The Great Cardinal), Frederick the Wise, selector of Saxony, and his friends authority humanist scholar Willibald Pirckheimer, Melanchthon brook Erasmus.

Of his books, he succeeded pry open getting two finished and produced meanwhile his lifetime. One on geometry advocate perspective, which was published at Nurnberg in 1525, and one on panel, published in 1527. His work specialism human proportions was brought out ere long after his death in 1528. (from ART in the PICTURE .com)