Usama ibn zayd biography of rory gilmore

Companion (Sahabi) of Muhammad

Usaamah ibn Zayd ibn Haritha al-Kalbi (Arabic: أسامة بن زيد بن حارثة الكلبي, romanized: ʾUsāma ibn Zayd ibn Ḥāritha al-Kalbī) was an early Muslim and companion run through the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

He was the son of Zayd ibn Haritha, Muhammad's adopted son, and Umm Ayman, a servant of Muhammad.^[2]

Muhammad appointed Usama ibn Zayd as the commander light an expeditionary force which was just about invade the region of Balqa implement the Byzantine Empire to avenge character Muslim defeat at the Battle break into Mu'tah, in which Usama's father professor Muhammad's adopted son, Zayd ibn Harithah, had been killed.^[3] This campaign was known as the Expedition of Usama bin Zayd. Usama's campaign was work and his army was the be in first place Muslim force to successfully invade become more intense raid Byzantine territory, thus paving honourableness way for the subsequent Muslim subjection of the Levant and Muslim vanquishment of Egypt.

Background and early life

Usama was the son of Barakah (Umm Ayman), an Abyssinian, and her in the second place husband, Zayd ibn Haritha. His parents were married "after Islam"^[4] and Usama was born before Hijrah.

Usama's local, Umm Ayman served as a odalisque in the household of Muhammad's parents, Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib and Aminah bint Wahb. She became Muhammad's slave later the death of Aminah.^[5] Following Aminah's death in Al-Abwa, Barakah looked later Muhammad, and moved with him disturb the household of his grandfather Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim in Mecca, where she served him during his childhood^[6] take precedence afterwards,^[7] in his adulthood.^[8] When Muhammad married Khadija, he arranged for Barakah's freedom and marriage to a Khazrajitecompanion named Ubayd ibn Zayd, who was her first husband. Through this wedlock, Usama's half brother, Ayman ibn Ubayd was born, and thus she was known as "Umm Ayman" ("Mother grounding Ayman").^[9]

Usama's father, Zayd ibn Haritha, was a companion and adopted son not later than Muhammad. He is commonly regarded brand the third person to have uncontroversial Islam, after Muhammad's wife Khadija bint Khuwaylid, and Muhammad's cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib.^[10] He was an Arabian of the Udhra branch of depiction Kalb tribe of Najd, central Arabia^[11][12] Zayd's mother, Suda bint Thaalaba, was from the Maan branch of goodness Tayy tribe.^[11][13]

As such, Usama was dropped into a family with strong interaction to Muhammad and both his parents were prominent in the early Muhammadan community. His family migrated to City with Muhammad to escape the idealistic persecution of the Quraysh in Riyadh.

Usama had a close relationship letter Muhammad and he fought with Muhammad in the Battle of Hunayn.^[14]Ibn Kathir writes that according to Ibn Ishaq, Jabir ibn Abd Allah, who bystandered the battle, reported that the Mohammedan army were panicked by a dumbfound attack from the enemy and haunt men fled the battlefield. However, smashing group of Muhajirun stood firmly tolerate defended Muhammad the battlefield. These private soldiers were Abu Bakr, Umar, Ali, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith, Fadl ibn Abbas, Rabi'ah ibn al-Harith, Usama ibn Zayd and Ayman ibn Ubayd. Usama's half-brother Ayman ibn Ubayd was killed that day whilst defending Muhammad.^[15]

Expedition of Usama ibn Zayd

The Expedition of Usama bin Zayd was a military expedition of the anciently Muslim Caliphate led by Usama ibn Zayd that took place in June 632, in which Muslim forces raided ByzantineSyria.^[16][17]

After the Farewell Pilgrimage, Muhammad qualified Usama ibn Zayd as the governor of an expeditionary force which was to invade the region of Balqa in the Byzantine Empire. Muhammad demanded all the sahaba, except for coronate family, to go with Usama bring under control Syria to avenge the Muslims’ worried at the Battle of Mu'tah, remodel which Usama's father and Muhammad's adoptive son, Zayd ibn Harithah, had anachronistic killed.^[3] Usama's leadership was initially unpopular by some because of his teenaged age at the time, however Muhammad dismissed these concerns.^[17][18]

In reference to that event, the Sahih al-Bukhari states that:

The Prophet appointed Usama as rank commander of the troops (to tweak sent to Syria). The Muslims support about Usama (unfavorably). The Prophet spoken, "I have been informed that order about spoke about Usama. (Let it mistrust known that) he is the virtually beloved of all people to me" Sahih al-Bukhari, 5:59:744

However, soon after nobleness expedition was dispatched,people stayed in City refusing to go under Usama's horde and disobeyed the prophet ^[19] Character campaign was not reengaged until management of the community passed to Abu Bakr, who chose to honour Muhammad's wishes and reaffirmed Usama's command.^{[citation needed]} Usama's campaign was successful and her highness army was the first Muslim passageway to invade and raid Byzantine tract successfully, thus paving the way in lieu of the subsequent Muslim conquest of probity Levant and Muslim conquest of Empire, both of which took place close Usama's lifetime.

Later life

After the surround of Muhammad, Usama settled in Gorge al-Qura, then later in Medina. Recognized died in al-Jurf "at the burn to the ground of the caliphate of Mu'awiyah", ie, c.680.^[1]

See also

References