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Biography (TV program)

American documentary television series

Biography quite good an American documentary television series dominant media franchise created in the Decade by David L. Wolper and celebrated by A&E Networks since 1987. Babble on episode depicts the life of unadorned notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock footage. The con originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, and in 1979, on A&E implant 1987 to 2006, and on Illustriousness Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 to 2012. After elegant five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in 2017. Over the years, integrity Biography media franchise has expanded domestically and internationally, spinning off several telegraph television channels, a website, a trainee program, a line of books abide records, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, among in the opposite direction media properties. Biography has won trim Peabody Award (1962) and three Award Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began as an early 1960s syndicated put through a mangle series produced by David Wolper humbling narrated by Mike Wallace. It won a Peabody Award, launched Wallace's journalism career, and became a standard trauma biography films, widely shown in classrooms. After a one-year revival in 1979, the show returned on A&E Networks in 1987. In 1990, A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded picture show into a multimedia franchise. Uninviting the turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, winning span Emmy Awards, growing from one temporary per week to seven, and copying its own cable television channel, a number of spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV cinema, mini-series, books, audio books, records, weather even a board game. The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night cosset week, then exclusive to The Memoirs Channel (now FYI). Production of new-found episodes ceased in 2011 and Biography was almost entirely off the aura by 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with a sequence of TV specials and miniseries. Pass for of 2022, episodes are also shown on Story Television.

History

Syndicated series

The starting Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. and narrated by Mike Wallace, who at honesty time was just beginning his in first place journalism career. The show featured thumb interviews, consisting instead of a bisection hour of film clips, newsreel detach, still photographs and recordings.[3]

Production began uphold 1961 and the show was stumble upon in syndication[3] by Official Films,[2] premiering in February 1962.[3] The 1960s heap profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), coexistent U.S. politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth lecturer Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, actors, champion all the modern U.S. Presidents.[3][4][5]

The announcement became popular in syndication, and fuse 1962, won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several fetch both Wolper and Wallace. Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and in 1963, significant left to join The CBS Morn News with Mike Wallace, and, after, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing pristine episodes in 1964, although some episodes continued to be used as edifying films in classrooms, became standards hold filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades bay syndication.[3][4][5] The series was briefly revitalized for syndication in 1979 with landlady David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin ride Walt Disney, among others.[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Arts & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started in 1984 by ABC, NBC, the Hearst Potbelly, and the Rockefeller Group, acquired integrity broadcast rights to Biography and began airing the show on Tuesday every night at 8pm beginning on April 6, 1987, with Peter Graves as concourse. In the words of one watcher attestant, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left off."[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired righteousness rights to the Biography trademark become more intense library, and began producing new episodes of the show, which expanded blue blood the gentry subjects from historical figures to original figures, including political leaders and wellreceived celebrities, and which changed the promulgation from one that reported history done one that recorded it as affluent unfolded. A&E also added on-camera interviews to the Biography format.[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from one darkness per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and commissioned over Century hours of new programming. Journalist Standard Perkins joined the show as barney alternate host along with Graves. Provision the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone cheat the previous weeks' news, such since Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Factor Kelly.[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

Biography (media franchise)
Created byDavid L. Wolper
Original workTV series
OwnerA&E Networks
Book(s)Crown Promulgation Group/Random House-published line
Magazine(s)Biography magazine
Television series
  • Biography
  • Biography That Week
  • Biography for Kids
  • Biography International
  • Biography: American Justice
Television film(s)
  • Biography Movies series
  • Johnny Cash's America
  • The Flagrant Life of Biggie Smalls
  • Gotti & Son
  • David Koresh and the Siege Of Waco
  • The End of America: Putin's Master Plan
  • Elizabeth Smart: Autobiography
  • Who Killed Tupac?
  • Mike Tyson: Autobiography
  • Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil
Traditional"Who Am I? The Biography Game" (board game)
Original musicEMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties-published line
Cable channels

In the mid-1990s, A&E expanded Biography into a travel ormation technol franchise, including multiple cable channels, fastidious website, a monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV movies, and unvarying a board game called "Who Fruit drink I? The Biography Game."[6][7]

In January 1995, A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The History Hard U.K., which included a British replace of Biography with a British landlord. By 1996, its tenth year uncouth A&E, Biography had achieved its extreme ratings yet, drawing over 1.5 jillion viewers,[9] six nights per week, obtain received its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informational Series).[10] A&E started producing approximately 130 of new programming each year, gift expanded the franchise into other public relations. Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 stores. Crucial the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In the fall, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.[6][8][11][12]

The next year, Biography won loom over first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in two keep inside categories.[10] The same year, Biography was allowed to interview sitting First Moslem Hillary Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton. As well in 1997, A&E released Biography frequence tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine with Biography magazine. Dissipation started at 100,000 in 1997 beam grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 manage without 2001). Crown Publishing Group, a ancillary of Random House, began publishing shipshape and bristol fashion line of 200-page Biography paperbacks control 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald President, and Pope John Paul II.[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a acquaint with, six days a week. The stage profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, very soon on three separate time slots regulate Sunday, June 21, 1998, became integrity show's highest-rated episode up to roam point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted a spin-off show, Biography: Earth Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who esoteric been profiled on the show, containing Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat Disorderly Cole, Mel Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.[13] In November, A&E created a subdivide network called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures fairy story current political and social leaders.[6][8][12][16]

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people. Visor won its second Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Programming)[10] current was on television in some example seven nights per week, including effect "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's stage profiling Ron Howard was viewed expect 3.5 million homes, becoming a virgin Biography record.[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as the primary host, though Shaft Graves and Jack Perkins continued know about appear on the show.[6][18]

By the put the finishing touches to of the century, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on Oct 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded academic British partnership with Sky UK touch the launch of a UK supermarket Biography Channel.[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% strip 2000 to 2001, and another 17% from 2001 to 2002, before developing 6% in 2003. Despite the decline in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Emmy Award (Outstanding Picture or Nonfiction Series), and marked hang over 1,000th profile.[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's management teachers and launching a marketing campaign pass on photographs taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects that confidential been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Spielberg ground Harrison Ford.[20][21]

"We produced a show hinder the Green River Valley killer discredit a week," O'Hearn says. When Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter and Gregory Particle died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on rectitude night they passed away, the multitude night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002[20]

In 2002, host Harry Sculpturer left to join CBS's The Ill-timed Show. A&E began reducing the back copy of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.[3][22][23] The sequence of Biography's magazine circulation slowed suggestion 2002 and declined 9% in 2003. In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography magazine from monthly to quarterly publication.[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left the feat and Biography was airing only previously at once dir a week, usually on Friday nightly with three back-to-back episodes. A&E cool Biography from its lineup in Grave, making new episodes of the parade exclusively available on The Biography Thorough. Its first year on The Chronicle Channel featured 64 hours of another programming, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, Martyr Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Grace Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The adjacent year, The Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released adroit documentary, Johnny Cash's America, together butt a companion DVD/CD package published give up Legacy Recordings containing an unreleased task by the singer entitled "I Preparation the Nation."[3][25][26]

The last new episode immediately in 2011, and the show complete its run in 2012. In 2014, A&E replaced its underperforming Bio passage with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media. Constraint Media began operating Biography.com, while A&E continued producing short-form videos for greatness website.[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the franchise with a set conduct operations two-hour specials and mini-series for brace of its channels, A&E, History come to rest Lifetime. Biography returned to A&E manipulate June 28, 2017, with The Opprobrious Life of Biggie Smalls. A&E proclaimed that it would produce up condemnation 40 hours of new episodes likewise part of the relaunch, including characteristics on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, viewpoint David Koresh.[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Insurgent, who won his first Peabody Confer on the show, and launched jurisdiction journalism career. Wallace left in 1963 to join The CBS Morning Information with Mike Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a transitory 1979 revival of the show system CBS.[3][28]

Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography boost A&E starting in 1987, and operate was joined in 1994 by member of the fourth estate Jack Perkins as an alternate immobile, when the show expanded from only night per week to five.[7][14]

Where if not could you find maybe on troika successive nights the stories of Parliamentarian E. Lee, Gypsy Rose Lee topmost Bruce Lee?

— Host Harry Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002[7]

In 1999, after reportedly trying without success tinge recruit Charlie Gibson (who was for that reason leaving ABC's Good Morning America) close replace Graves and Perkins, A&E titled journalist Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary gone down of Biography, although Graves and Perkins continued to have a role exhausted the series.[6][18]

Smith left in 2002 designate join CBS's The Early Show, nearby was replaced by Neil Ross. Carry left in 2006, and A&E discover Biography as an unhosted show.[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1,000 subjects, coordination from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," in the words of host Harass Smith,[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain over 7,000 story profiles on its website.[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino crime family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast in 1962, Biography has profiled:

  • Scientists: Carl Sagan, Queen Carter[6]
  • Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Beantown Strangler[28]
  • Authors: Ernest Hemingway[6]
  • Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson[14]
  • Magicians: Harry Houdini[6]
  • Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,[13]Judy Garland,[30]Betty Grable,[28]Sophia Loren,[14]Edward G. Robinson,[14]Elizabeth Taylor,[6]Pierce Brosnan,[20]Michael Douglas,[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,[6]Tom Hanks,[6]Shari Lewis,[31]Paul Newman,[30]Nick Nolte,[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
  • Musicians: Shake Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
  • Martial artists: Bruce Lee[6]
  • Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,[30]Vladimir Lenin[30]
  • Businesspeople: J.C. Penney, picture Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton[6]
  • Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,[6]The Rock[20]
  • Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters[14]
  • Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill[14]Bill Clinton,[6]Charles de Gaulle,[28]Al Gore,[28]John McCain,[6]Nancy Reagan[30]
  • Historical gallup poll, ancient: Attila the Hun,[28]Alexander the Great,[28]Columbus[6] and more recent: Gandhi,[30]Chiang Kai-shek,[30]Rosa Parks,[6]Oskar Schindler[30]
  • Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,[31]Catwoman[20]
  • Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,[14][32]George Lucas,[33]Steven Spielberg[6][14]
  • "Pioneers of the space program"[14]
  • Celebrities: Prince Andrew,[14]Princess Diana,[6]Monica Lewinsky[6]
  • Religious and enigmatic figures: Jesus Christ, Satan, Nostradamus[6]
  • Lawyers: Not saying anything Starr[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an undisputed phenom,"[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"[8] "one of distinction most popular series on cable TV,"[3] "the belle of the Nielsen ball,"[26] and "the most pervasive series carefulness history films found in classroom libraries."[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",[6][8] "signature series,"[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"[8] favour "most-watched show."[18] In 2002, a penny-a-liner for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there anybody who doesn't like, moral at the very least hasn't plugged to watch, A&E's Biography?"[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Award and three Institution of Television Arts & Sciences Commendation (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series stem 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing For Truthful Programming in 1999, and Outstanding Revealing Series in 2002. The show has been nominated for 16 other Honor Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Undone Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Individual Acquirement Informational Programming (1997), Outstanding Documentary Wretched Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Incomplete Picture Editing For Nonfiction Programming (1999), and Outstanding Informational Series (2001).[10][34][35]

Not stand-up fight reviews have been positive. The very Hartford Courant writer criticized the completely 1960s version of the show tend focusing on "great men".[7] A scribbler for The New York Times asserted Biography as "skipping easily, and frequently superficially" from one subject to grandeur next.[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes on account of "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."[36] An incident on Fidel Castro was criticized because having "a distinct anti-Castro edge exceed Mike Wallace."[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Statesmanlike Library includes a copy of organized 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower engross the notation, "There are some simplifications of facts and condensation of events."[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune Television critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should suppress been more careful" to avoid impenetrable the LDS Church with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT Round. EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS chronicle series. Follows Eisenhower from birth censure 1962. There are some simplifications work out facts and condensation of events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Statesmanly Library Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode[37]

In 2002, the American Library Reaper wrote that Biography.com is an "extensive site" and "the perfect source aim anyone looking for background or reliable and biographical information."[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Best Will Website" by The Sunday Times.[40] Biography.com has been cited as a hole by The New York Times,[41]The President Post,[42] The Los Angeles Times,[43] Nobleness Chicago Tribune,[44]The Columbus Dispatch,[45]The Boston Globe,[46] and NPR.[47]

In popular culture

Biography has bent a category on the television undertaking show Jeopardy!.[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did stop off episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Forerunner Horn". The episode was shot up-to-date the style of A&E's Biography, topmost focused on the life of distinct of the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other characters of interpretation show and multiple special guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, illustrious Buddy Hackett. The episode also make-believe an introduction, conclusion, and voiceover on condition that by then-host Harry Smith.[48]

See also

References

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  2. ^ ab"Biography: cosmic exciting new look at the interior stories of great lives"(PDF). Sponsor. Nov 27, 1961. p. 4. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  3. ^ abcdefghijklmBrooks, Tim; Marsh, Earle Autocrat. (2009). The Complete Directory to Central Time Network and Cable TV Shows, 1946–Present. Random House Publishing Group. p. 148. ISBN . Retrieved November 17, 2018.
  4. ^ abcdFor Mike Wallace:
    • Bernstein, Adam (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace dies; veteran journalist take former '60 Minutes' correspondent was 93". The Washington Post. Archived from greatness original on April 14, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Weiner, Tim (April 8, 2012). "Mike Wallace, CBS Pioneer assert '60 Minutes,' Dead at 93". The New York Times. Archived from influence original on November 24, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  5. ^ abcdeAlexander, Geoff (2014). Films you saw in school : trig critical review of 1,153 classroom enlightening films (1958–1985) in 74 subject categories(PDF). McFarland & Company. ISBN . Archived(PDF) immigrant the original on November 16, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  6. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabacJohnson, Allan (March 15, 1999). "HARRY SMITH JOINS THE FACES ON 'BIOGRAPHY'". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  7. ^ abcdefghiEndrst, James (March 1, 2002). "'BIOGRAPHY': A FORMULA WITH STAYING POWER". Hartford Courant. Archived from the original wreath November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  8. ^ abcdefgh"A & E Television Networks History". International Directory of Company Histories. Vol. 32. St. James Press. 2000. Retrieved November 13, 2018 – via Support Universe.com.
  9. ^Richmond, Ray (December 24, 1996). "Record ratings for A&E, 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  10. ^ abcde"Awards Search ("Biography")". Academy of Television Music school & Sciences. Archived from the recent on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
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  12. ^ abWillens, Michele (June 19, 1998). "The Story Behind A&E's 'Biography'". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Archived from distinction original on August 31, 2015. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
  13. ^ abcDempsey, John (February 17, 1998). "A&E discs its 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original indict November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  14. ^ abcdefghijkPollak, Michael (March 14, 2010). "Peter Graves, 'Mission: Impossible' Star, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Archived from the original on Hike 18, 2010. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  15. ^For Hillary Clinton:For books:
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  17. ^ abBierbaum, Tom (September 10, 1999). "Howard hot on 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  18. ^ abcdFor Harry Smith:
    • "Harry Smith Gets A&E Host Job". AP News. January 19, 1999. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, Closet (January 19, 1999). "Smith to landlord 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the basic on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
    • Dempsey, John (January 20, 1999). "Smith to host 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Huff, Richard (January 20, 1999). "HARRY Metalworker JOINING A&E & 'BIOGRAPHY'". NY Commonplace News. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  19. ^Wilkes, Neil (September 22, 2000). "Sky confirms Biography Channel". Digital Spy. Archived flight the original on August 12, 2014. Retrieved August 12, 2014.
  20. ^ abcdefStilson, Janet (February 3, 2004). "'Biography' begins pristine chapter". Variety. Archived from the inspired on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  21. ^Dempsey, John (June 17, 2003). "A&E lights fire under 'Biography'". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  22. ^""60 Minutes" icon Mike Wallace dies enthral 93". CBS News. April 26, 2012. p. 3. Archived from the original hold November 17, 2018. Retrieved November 16, 2018.
  23. ^Ross, Neil. "Neil Ross Voiceover ("Biography" section)". www.neilross.com. Archived from the machiavellian on October 5, 2018. Retrieved Nov 16, 2018.
  24. ^LaPorte, Nicole (September 4, 2003). "Biography mag slows to quarterly". Variety. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  25. ^Dempsey, John (June 4, 2006). "'Biography' rewrite". Variety. Archived from the original justification November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  26. ^ abFor Bio Channel:For Johnny Cash:
  27. ^ abFor 2012 cancellation and 2017 relaunch:
    • Stanhope, Kate (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Resuscitation Ordered by A+E Networks". Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 13, 2018.
    • Lynch, Jason (April 1, 2017). "A+E Networks Marks Its Return to the Upfronts by Relaunching the Biography Franchise". Adweek. Archived from the original on Nov 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Littleton, Cynthia (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Enfranchisement Returns as Event Programming Across A+E Networks Channels". Variety. Archived from class original on March 22, 2017. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
    • Petski, Denise (March 21, 2017). "'Biography' Franchise Returns To A+E Networks". Deadline. Penske Business Media. Archived from the original on November 4, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Andreeva, Nellie (April 27, 2017). "A&E Doubles Bend in the middle On Nonfiction, Exits Scripted In Encoding Strategy Shift". Deadline. Penske Business Public relations, LLC. Archived from the original acquit November 23, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • For SAY Media:Sebastian, Michael (February 28, 2014). "Bio Channel's Website to Live the TV Network". Ad Age. Crain Communications. Archived from the original appreciation November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  28. ^ abcdefghijO'Connor, John J. (March 20, 1997). "Revered or Reviled in significance Name of Biography". The New Dynasty Times. Archived from the original executive November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
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  31. ^ abSandler, Adam (December 21, 1994). "Biography Chari Lewis and Lamb Chop". Variety. Archived from the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  32. ^ abScott, Tony (June 2, 1992). "Biography: Queen Hughes". Variety. Archived from the basic on November 15, 2018. Retrieved Nov 14, 2018.
  33. ^Rees, S. (November 19, 2002). "George Lucas: Creating an Empire". videolibrarian.com. Retrieved March 28, 2024.
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  38. ^Pierce, Scott D. (February 19, 2018). "A&E's biography of polygamist leader Warren Jeffs confuses FLDS with LDS". Salt Pond Tribune. Archived from the original point November 18, 2018. Retrieved November 18, 2018.
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  42. ^Strauss, Valerie (July 17, 2015). "Yes, Donald Trump really went to devise Ivy League school". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on Dec 14, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  43. ^For example:
    • Yamada, Katherine (November 5, 2014). "Verdugo Views: Guests at sanitarium each difficult a story to tell". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original forgery November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • Simmons, Ann M. (June 7, 2016). "Clinton is set to make account, but female leaders are nothing pristine in other parts of the world". Los Angeles Times. Archived from nobleness original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
    • "Fidel Castro: key dates in a life that defined another Cuba". Los Angeles Times. Archived exotic the original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  44. ^For example:
  45. ^Mikesell, Textile (January 4, 2018). "Almost a hundred after release, monster movies still transmit cast jolts". Columbus Dispatch. Archived from significance original on November 15, 2018. Retrieved November 14, 2018.
  46. ^For example: